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Vitamine D2 Side Effects

Vitamin D2 is a fat-soluble secosteroid known commercially as ergocalciferol. It can be used as a vitamin D supplement and is added to staple foods such as milk. Though it’s considered safe, some are convinced it has potentially dangerous health effects.

What Is Ergocalciferol?

Ergocalciferol is vitamin D2. Vitamin D is important for the absorption of calcium from the stomach and for the functioning of calcium in the body.

Ergocalciferol is used to treat hypoparathyroidism (decreased functioning of the parathyroid glands).

Ergocalciferol is also used to treat rickets (softening of the bones caused by vitamin D deficiency) or low levels of phosphate in the blood (hypophosphatemia).

Possible Side Effects of Ergocalciferol

Although Ergocalciferol (vitamin D2) generally regarded as a very safe and effective supplement, there can be some minor side effects. The side effects may:

polyuria, nocturia, polydipsia, hypercalciuria, reversible azotemia, hypertension, nephrocalcinosis, generalized vascular calcification, irreversible renal insufficiency (may be fatal), mental retardation, widespread soft tissue calcification, osteoporosis, dwarfism, vague aches, stiffness, weakness, nausea, anorexia, constipation, mild acidosis, anemia, weight loss.

GRAS Affirmation: Yes

Generally recognized as safe (GRAS) is an American Food and Drug Administration (FDA) designation that a chemical or substance added to food is considered safe by experts, and so is exempted from the usual Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA) food additive tolerance requirements. Ergocalciferol (vitamin D2) is considered safe.

Suggested Dosage

NA.

Special Populations Precaution

There is a lot of concern about diet and nutrition for these population, like Newborns, children, pregnant, sensitive to Ergocalciferol (vitamin D2) populations. Better consult to your doctor if you would like to intake Ergocalciferol (vitamin D2).

 

 

 

Related Research

1. Severe hypercalcemia due to voluntary and dissimulated vitamine D2 poisoning. [Nouv Presse Med. 1976 Oct 30] Author: Scherrer H, Koehl G, Passa P, Canivet J.

2. Vitamine D2 poisoning, modification of renal function. [J Sci Med Lille. 1951 Sep 2] Author: LANGERON L, PAGET M, DANES A, LIEEOOGHE J.

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Vitamin B6 Pyridoxine hydrochloride Side Effects

Vitamin B6 HCL (Pyridoxine Hydrochloride) is used to reinforce nutrition in the food industry. Vitamin B6 Pyridoxine hydrochloride uses include in breakfast cereals, sugar, infant formula, fruit drinks and meal replacements. Though it’s considered safe, some are convinced it has potentially dangerous health effects.

What Is Vitamin B6Pyridoxine hydrochloride?

Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine hydrochloride) is a white or off white crystal or crystalline powder. Primarily used as a nutraceutical, it is considered to be a dietary source of Vitamin B6 and can be found in many nutritional supplements or as an additive in many foods. Additionally its has been used in the treatment of a number of common ailments including; treatingt anemia, leukopenia, mental retardation, mouth ulcer, atherosclerotic and thromboembolic disease and other diseases.

Possible Side Effects of Vitamin B6 Pyridoxine hydrochloride

Although Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine hydrochloride) generally regarded as a very safe and effective supplement, there can be some minor side effects. The side effects may:

  • severe headache, tiredness, dizziness,mental/mood changes (such as irritability, depression), vision changes (such asdouble vision, blurred vision), dry/peeling skin, bone/joint pain, loss of appetite,yellowing skin/eyes, dark urine, severe stomach/abdominal pain.

GRAS Affirmation: Yes

Generally recognized as safe (GRAS) is an American Food and Drug Administration (FDA) designation that a chemical or substance added to food is considered safe by experts, and so is exempted from the usual Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA) food additive tolerance requirements. Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine hydrochloride) is considered safe.

Suggested Dosage

NA.

Special Populations Precaution

There is a lot of concern about diet and nutrition for these population, like Newborns, children, pregnant, sensitive to Vitamin B6 populations. Better consult to your doctor if you would like to intake Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine hydrochloride).

Related Research

1. How much vitamin B6 is toxic?. [Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 2005 Nov 12] Author: Katan MB.

2. Nutritional status and vitamin B6 supplementation in the institutionalized elderly. [Harefuah. 2000 Aug] Author: Stern F, Berner YN, Polyak Z, Bernadiner S, Komarnitsky M, Sela BA, Doolman R, Dror Y.

3. Vitamin B6 and immune competence. [Nutr Rev. 1993 Aug] Author: Rall LC, Meydani SN.

4. Vitamin B6 and valproic acid in treatment of infantile spasms. [Pediatr Neurol. 1991 Mar-Apr] Author: Ito M, Okuno T, Hattori H, Fujii T, Mikawa H.

5. Vitamin B6 in clinical neurology. [Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1990] Author: Bernstein AL.

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Vitamin B2 Side Effects

Vitamin B2, also called riboflavin, is one of 8 B vitamins. All B vitamins help the body to convert food (carbohydrates) into fuel (glucose), which is used to produce energy.  VitaminB2 is used in wheat flour, dairy products, soy sauce, rice, breads, biscuits, chocolates, and other foods and beverages. Though it’s considered safe, some are convinced it has potentially dangerous health effects.

What Is Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)?

Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) appears as a yellow to orange crystalline powder. It is one of the thirteen necessary vitamins for human body and a member of vitamin B group. This product is often used as a fortifier in baby foods, breakfast cereals, pastas, sauces, processed cheese, fruit drinks, vitamin-enriched milk products, and some energy drinks.

Possible Side Effects of Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)

Although Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) generally regarded as a very safe and effective supplement, there can be some minor side effects. The side effects may:

  • Very high doses may cause:
    • Itching
    • Numbness
    • Burning or prickling sensations
    • Yellow or orange urine
    • Sensitivity to light

GRAS Affirmation: Yes

Generally recognized as safe (GRAS) is an American Food and Drug Administration (FDA) designation that a chemical or substance added to food is considered safe by experts, and so is exempted from the usual Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA) food additive tolerance requirements. Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) is considered safe.

Suggested Dosage

NA.

Special Populations Precaution

There is a lot of concern about diet and nutrition for these population, like Newborns, children, pregnant, sensitive to Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)populations. Better consult to your doctor if you would like to intake Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin).

 

 

 

Related Research

1. Vitamin B2 in nanoscopic environments under visible light: photosensitized antioxidant or phototoxic drug? [J Phys Chem A. 2014 Jun 5] Author: Chaudhuri S, Batabyal S, Polley N, Pal SK.

2. Riboflavin (vitamin B2) and oxidative stress: a review. [Br J Nutr. 2014 Mar 20] Author: Ashoori M, Saedisomeolia A.

3. Riboflavin (vitamin B2 ) deficiency impairs NADPH oxidase 2 (Nox2) priming and defense against Listeria monocytogenes. [Eur J Immunol. 2014 Mar] Author: Schramm M, Wiegmann K, Schramm S, Gluschko A, Herb M, Utermöhlen O, Krönke M.

4. Effect of pH(24h), curing salts and muscle types on the oxidative stability, free amino acids profile and vitamin B2, B3 and B6 content of dry-cured ham. [Food Chem. 2013 Dec 1] Author: Gratacós-Cubarsí M, Sárraga C, Castellari M, Valero A, García Regueiro JA, Arnau J.

5. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer from sulfonated graphene to riboflavin: a simple way to detect vitamin B2. [ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2013 Aug 14] Author: Kundu A, Nandi S, Layek RK, Nandi AK.

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Vitamin B12 Side Effects

Vitamin B12, also called cobalamin, is a water-soluble vitamin that has a key role in the normal functioning of the brain and nervous system, and the formation of red blood cells. Though it’s considered safe, some are convinced it has potentially dangerous health effects.

What Is Vitamin B12?

Vitamin B12, also known as  cobalamin, is the largest and most complex of all the B-vitamins. Vitamin B12 is used for general food fortification and dietary supplement applications. It is suitable for both solid and liquid vitamin/mineral formulations.

Possible Side Effects of Vitamin B12

Although Vitamin B12 generally regarded as a very safe and effective supplement, there can be some minor side effects. The side effects may:

  • Abdominal or stomach pain
  • bleeding from the gums or nose
  • blue lips and fingernails
  • chest pain
  • cough
  • coughing that sometimes produces a pink frothy sputum
  • decreased urine output
  • difficult, fast, noisy breathing, sometimes with wheezing
  • difficulty with swallowing
  • dilated neck veins
  • dizziness
  • extreme fatigue
  • eye pain
  • fast heartbeat
  • headache
  • hives, itching, or skin rash
  • increased sweating
  • irregular breathing
  • irregular heartbeat
  • pale skin
  • puffiness or swelling of the eyelids or around the eyes, face, lips, or tongue
  • ringing in the ears
  • swelling of the face, fingers, feet, or lower legs
  • tightness in the chest
  • unusual tiredness or weakness
  • weight gain

GRAS Affirmation: Yes

Generally recognized as safe (GRAS) is an American Food and Drug Administration (FDA) designation that a chemical or substance added to food is considered safe by experts, and so is exempted from the usual Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA) food additive tolerance requirements. Vitamin B12 is considered safe.

Suggested Dosage

NA.

Special Populations Precaution

There is a lot of concern about diet and nutrition for these population, like Newborns, children, pregnant, sensitive to Vitamin B12 populations. Better consult to your doctor if you would like to intake Vitamin B12.

 

Related Research

1. The Effect of Vitamin B12 Infusion on Prevention of Nitrous Oxide-induced Homocysteine Increase: A Double-blind Randomized Controlled Trial. [Oman Med J. 2014 May] Author: Kiasari AZ, Firouzian A, Baradari AG, Nia HS, Kiasari SH.

2. Vitamin B12 deficiency due to nitrous oxide use: unrecognized cause of combined spinal cord degeneration. [Rev Med Interne. 2014 May] Author: Chaugny C, Simon J, Collin-Masson H, De Beauchêne M, Cabral D, Fagniez O, Veyssier-Belot C.

3. Vitamin B12 and homocysteine status during pregnancy in the metformin in gestational diabetes trial: responses to maternal metformin compared with insulin treatment. [Diabetes Obes Metab. 2013 Jul] Author: Gatford KL, Houda CM, Lu ZX, Coat S, Baghurst PA, Owens JA, Sikaris K, Rowan JA, Hague WM.

4. Cognitive impairment and vitamin B12: a review. [Int Psychogeriatr. 2012 Apr] Author: Moore E, Mander A, Ames D, Carne R, Sanders K, Watters D.

5. Oral vitamin B12 replacement: an effective treatment for vitamin B12 deficiency after total gastrectomy in gastric cancer patients. [Ann Surg Oncol. 2011 Dec] Author: Kim HI, Hyung WJ, Song KJ, Choi SH, Kim CB, Noh SH.

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Vitamin B1 Side Effects

Thiamine, also known as thiamin or vitamin B1, two forms Thiamine Hydrochloride and Thiamine Mononitrate. It is a vitamin found in food and used as a dietary supplement. As a supplement it is used to treat and prevent thiamine deficiency and disorders that result from it, including beriberi, Korsakoff’s syndrome, and Korsakoff’s psychosis. Though it’s considered safe, some are convinced it has potentially dangerous health effects.

What Is Vitamin B1 (Thiamine Hydrochloride and Thiamine Mononitrate) ?

Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) is a white crystals or crystalline powder. Primarily used as a nutraceutical, it is considered to be a dietary source of Vitamin B1 and can be found in many nutritional supplements or as an additive in many foods. It is an essential vitamin which has an impact on the body’s ability to digest carbohydrates as well as other benefits such as; improving mental state, maintaining nerve system, building muscles, and improved cardiac activity.

Possible Side Effects of Vitamin B1 (Thiamine Hydrochloride and Thiamine Mononitrate)

Although Vitamin B1 (Thiamine Hydrochloride and Thiamine Mononitrate) generally regarded as a very safe and effective supplement, there can be some minor side effects. The side effects may:

  • Coughing
  • difficulty in swallowing
  • hives
  • itching of skin
  • swelling of face, lips, or eyelids
  • wheezing or difficulty in breathing

GRAS Affirmation: Yes

Generally recognized as safe (GRAS) is an American Food and Drug Administration (FDA) designation that a chemical or substance added to food is considered safe by experts, and so is exempted from the usual Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA) food additive tolerance requirements. Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) is considered safe.

Suggested Dosage

NA.

Special Populations Precaution

There is a lot of concern about diet and nutrition for these population, like Newborns, children, pregnant, sensitive to Vitamin B1 (Thiamine Hydrochloride and Thiamine Mononitrate) populations. Better consult to your doctor if you would like to intake Vitamin B1 (Thiamine Hydrochloride and Thiamine Mononitrate).

 

 

 

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Retinyl Palmitate Side Effects

Vitamin A Pamitate is a vitamin supplement used in nutraceutical, nutritional supplement, and food additive applications. Though it’s considered safe, some are convinced it has potentially dangerous health effects.

What Is Vitamin A Pamitate?

Vitamin A Palmitate, also known as Retinol Palmitate, is a yellow crystal or liquid that is the main form of vitamin A in nature. Vitamin A is important for healthy vision, tissue, and adequate growth. Retinol Palmitate is used as an antioxidant and a source of vitamin A added to low-fat milk and other diary products to replace the vitamin content lost through the removal of milk fat.

Possible Side Effects of Vitamin A Pamitate

Although Vitamin A Pamitate generally regarded as a very safe and effective supplement, there can be some minor side effects. The side effects may:

  • severe headache, tiredness, dizziness,mental/mood changes (such as irritability, depression), vision changes (such asdouble vision, blurred vision), dry/peeling skin, bone/joint pain, loss of appetite,yellowing skin/eyes, dark urine, severe stomach/abdominal pain.

GRAS Affirmation: Yes

Generally recognized as safe (GRAS) is an American Food and Drug Administration (FDA) designation that a chemical or substance added to food is considered safe by experts, and so is exempted from the usual Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA) food additive tolerance requirements. Vitamin A Pamitate is considered safe.

Suggested Dosage

NA.

Special Populations Precaution

There is a lot of concern about diet and nutrition for these population, like Newborns, children, pregnant, sensitive to Vitamin A Pamitate populations. Better consult to your doctor if you would like to intake Vitamin A Pamitate.

 

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Retinyl Acetate Side Effects

Retinyl acetate (retinol acetate, vitamin A acetate) is a natural form of vitamin A which is the acetateester of retinol. It has potential antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities. Though it’s considered safe, some are convinced it has potentially dangerous health effects.

What Is Retinyl acetate?

Vitamin A Acetate is a microencapsulated light yellow powder used in solid, liquid drinks, water-based food and ordinary food fortification, but also can be used as tablet and hard capsules. This product is Vitamin A palmitate oil emulsion that after certain vectors is spray-dried to form powder particles.

Possible Side Effects of Retinyl acetate

Although Retinyl acetate generally regarded as a very safe and effective supplement, there can be some minor side effects. The side effects may:

  • Difficulty breathing
  • Swelling of face
  • Discoloration of urine
  • Swelling of lips & tongue
  • Skin irritation

GRAS Affirmation: Yes

Generally recognized as safe (GRAS) is an American Food and Drug Administration (FDA) designation that a chemical or substance added to food is considered safe by experts, and so is exempted from the usual Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA) food additive tolerance requirements. Retinyl acetate is considered safe.

Suggested Dosage

NA.

Special Populations Precaution

There is a lot of concern about diet and nutrition for these population, like Newborns, children, pregnant, sensitive to Retinyl acetate populations. Better consult to your doctor if you would like to intake Retinyl acetate.

 

 

 

 

Related Research

1. Simultaneous determination of 13-cis and all-trans vitamin A palmitate (retinyl palmitate), vitamin A acetate (retinyl acetate), and total vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol and DL-alpha-tocopherol acetate) in infant formula and adult nutritionals by normal phase HPLC: first action 2012.10. [J AOAC Int. 2013 Sep-Oct] Author: McMahon A, Christiansen S, Shine L, Loi C, Dowell D.

2. Nanoscale domains with nematic order in supercooled vitamin-A acetate: molecular dynamics studies. [Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys. 2011 May] Author: Wojnarowska Z, Paluch M, Wlodarczyk P, Hawelek L, Wrzalik R, Zioło J, Wygledowska-Kania M, Bergler-Czop B, Brzezinska-Wcislo L, Bujak P.

3. Preparation, in vitro and in vivo evaluation of solid-state self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) of vitamin A acetate. [J Drug Target. 2009 Jul;] Author: Taha EI, Al-Suwayeh SA, Anwer MK.

4. Effectiveness of vitamin A acetate for enhancing the production of lung cancer specific monoclonal antibodies. [Cytotechnology. 1999 Sep] Author: Inoue Y, Fujisawa M, Kawamoto S, Shoji M, Hashizume S, Fujii M, Katakura Y, Shirahata S.

5. Alterations in gene expression in rat skin exposed to 56Fe ions and dietary vitamin A acetate. [Radiat Res. 2006 May] Author: Zhang R, Burns FJ, Chen H, Chen S, Wu F.

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Vitamin Ad3 Side Effects

Vitamin Ad3, CAS no.67-97-0, is a mixture of vitamin A and vitamin D3 with ratio range from 10:1 to 3:1, available as Pale yellow to brownish fine granular powder. Though it’s considered safe, some are convinced it has potentially dangerous health effects.

What Is Vitamin Ad3?

Vitamin AD3 is known as essential ingredient of cod-liver oil. As a supplemental source of vitamins A and D3, vitamin AD3 could be used in treatment of many diseases such as night blindness, keratomalacia, rickets and chondropathy. It could prevent and cure deforming bones, dry eyes and other diseases for caged chicken. In addition, it could promote the growth of animals, enhance the immune ability and ensure the vision function.

Possible Side Effects of Vitamin Ad3

Although Vitamin Ad3 generally regarded as a very safe and effective supplement, there can be some minor side effects. The side effects may:

  • Anaphylactic shock
  • Hypersensitivity
  • Constipation
  • Stomach ache
  • Loss of appetite
  • Feeling of sickness
  • Excessive thirst
  • Muscle weakness
  • Drowsiness or confusion
  • Excess calcium in the blood or urine

GRAS Affirmation: Yes

Generally recognized as safe (GRAS) is an American Food and Drug Administration (FDA) designation that a chemical or substance added to food is considered safe by experts, and so is exempted from the usual Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA) food additive tolerance requirements. Vitamin Ad3 is considered safe.

Suggested Dosage

NA.

Special Populations Precaution

There is a lot of concern about diet and nutrition for these population, like Newborns, children, pregnant, sensitive to Vitamin Ad3 populations. Better consult to your doctor if you would like to intake Vitamin Ad3.

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Vitamin A Side Effects

VITAMIN A, CAS# 79-81-2, is a type of vitamin manufactured through chemical synthesis, available as light yellow to yellow waxy solid. Vitamin A is widely used as nutrition supplements. It is widely accepted as safe food additive in many countries.

General Side Effects

Long-term use of large amounts of vitamin A might cause serious side effects including fatigue, irritability, mental changes, anorexia, stomach discomfort, nausea, vomiting, mild fever, excessive sweating, and many other side effects.

Suggested Dosage

As Vitamin A is widely known as safe, there is no limit on dosage of intake. However, we still recommend consumers to consult professionals before using large quantity of Vitamin A for long period.
* ADI: Acceptable Daily Intake
* MTDI: maximum tolerable daily intake
* Data source: JECFA Database of WHO

Special Groups Precaution

Special groups refer to newborns, children, pregnant and any other applicable vulnerable groups.
Vitamin A may have some affect on infant, children under 4 and pregnant. We recommend consumers to consult professionals before using Vitamin A in food of infant, children under 4 and pregnant.

GRAS Affirmation: Yes

Generally recognized as safe(GRAS) is a FDA designation that a specific substance or ingredient is generally considered safe by experts, and so is exempted from the usual Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA) food additive tolerance requirements. Vitamin A is considered safe by FDA according to existing data and granted GRAS status.

VITAMIN A in News

No breaking news or public health crises reported about Vitamin A reported up to now.

Related Research

1. What is the safe dose of vitamin A in children with measles? [Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2005 Apr;] Author: Buyukavci M, Tan H, Keskin Z, Doneray H.

2. Regular vitamin A supplements are safe for pregnant women who consume few liver products. [Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 1996 Mar 23] Author: Cornel MC, de Walle HE, de Jong-van den Berg LT.

3. Regular vitamin A supplements are safe for pregnant women who consume few liver products. [Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 1996 Jan 27] Author: van den Berg H, Hulshof KF, Deslypere JP.

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D-Biotin Side Effects

Biotin is a water-soluble B-vitamin, also called vitamin B7 and formerly known as vitamin H or coenzyme R. Biotin is often used in dietary supplements, baby foods, and dietetic products.Though it’s considered safe, some are convinced it has potentially dangerous health effects.

What Is D-Biotin?

D-Biotin is used as a dietary supplement. It acts as a coenzyme during the metabolism of protein, fats, and carbohydrates. It helps maintain healthy skin and hair, and is a necessary material for growth, digestion, and muscle function.

Possible Side Effects of D-Biotin

Although D-Biotin generally regarded as a very safe and effective supplement, there can be some minor side effects. The side effects may:

  1. Acne. Getting too much biotin in your system increases your risk of developing cystic acne on the chin and jawline. The reason why this occurs is unknown, but it is found that the acne fades a few weeks after you stop using biotin supplements. Make sure you take doses of biotin that are less than 2500 mcg or less each day and drink plenty of water while using biotin supplements to reduce your risk of developing cystic acne. You may need to experiment with different doses until you find the amount that works best with your skin.
  2. Allergies. Allergic reactions to biotin are not common, but they are still possible. People that have known allergies to vitamin B12 cobalamin or cobalt tend to be allergic to biotin as well. If you are suffering from an allergic reaction to biotin you may feel nausea, develop an itchy rash, tightness or pain in your chest and swelling of the throat and face. If you start to develop these symptoms call your doctor for help immediately as some of these developments can be fatal.
  3. Miscarriage. If you are taking high doses of biotin while you are trying to get pregnant it can increase your risk of suffering a miscarriage. The reasoning behind this is not clear, and no tests have been performed on humans to better determine the likelihood of this risk. Talk to a medical professional before taking biotin while pregnant to ensure your safety.
  4. Interactions. Biotin negatively interacts with anti-seizure medications and medications that help lower cholesterol, causing these medications to work less effectively. While biotin is helpful in regulating your metabolism and blood sugar levels, it can have a distinct effect on the overall blood glucose level in your body. If you are taking medications like cholesterol medication or anticonvulsants or treating a condition like diabetes, taking biotin can have an impact on your symptoms. It is rare that people have a life-threatening experience while taking biotin. There is only one recorded case where a woman that suffered from heart and lung condition known as eosinophilic pleuropericardial effusion developed life threatening conditions while taking vitamins B5 and B7 at high doses. After she stopped using these supplements her symptoms stopped. It is currently not known what role each of these vitamins or the combination of the two had in her symptoms.

GRAS Affirmation: Yes

Generally recognized as safe (GRAS) is an American Food and Drug Administration (FDA) designation that a chemical or substance added to food is considered safe by experts, and so is exempted from the usual Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA) food additive tolerance requirements. D-Biotin is considered safe.

Suggested Dosage

  • Infants 0 – 12 months: 7 micrograms per day (mcg/day)
  • 1 to 3 years old: 8 mcg/day
  • 4 to 8 years old: 12 mcg/day
  • 9 to 13 years old: 20 mcg/day
  • 14 to 18 years old: 25 mcg/day
  • 18 and over, pregnant women: 30 mcg/day
  • Breastfeeding women: 35 mcg/day

Special Populations Precaution

There is a lot of concern about diet and nutrition for these population, like Newborns, children, pregnant, sensitive to D-Biotin populations. Better consult to your doctor if you would like to intake D-Biotin.

 

 

 

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Choline Chloride Side Effects

Choline Chloride is made up of white or deliquescent crystals and is one of the B categories of vitamins. This product can be used in nutritional supplements. Though it’s considered safe, some are convinced it has potentially dangerous health effects.

What Is Choline Chloride?

Choline chloride is an important feed additive for chickens where it accelerates growth. It forms a deep eutectic solvent with urea, ethylene glycol, glycerol and many other compounds. Other commercial choline salts are choline hydroxide and choline bitartrate. In foodstuffs Choline chloride is often present as phosphatidylcholine. It is also used as a clay control additive in fluids used for hydraulic fracturing.

Possible Side Effects of Choline Chloride

Although Choline chloride generally regarded as a very safe and effective supplement, there can be some minor side effects. The side effects may:

  • Sweating
  • A fishy body odor
  • Gastrointestinal distress
  • Diarrhea
  • Vomiting
  • Burns
  • Congestive heart failure
  • Dehydration
  • Excessive sweating
  • Respiratory acidosis

GRAS Affirmation: Yes

Generally recognized as safe (GRAS) is an American Food and Drug Administration (FDA) designation that a chemical or substance added to food is considered safe by experts, and so is exempted from the usual Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA) food additive tolerance requirements. Choline chloride is considered safe.

Suggested Dosage

NA.

Special Populations Precaution

There is a lot of concern about diet and nutrition for these population, like Newborns, children, pregnant, sensitive to Choline chloride populations. Better consult to your doctor if you would like to intake Choline chloride.

 

 

 

Related Research

1. A novel digestion method based on a choline chloride-oxalic acid deep eutectic solvent for determining Cu, Fe, and Zn in fish samples. [Anal Chim Acta. 2013 Jan 31] Author: Habibi E, Ghanemi K, Fallah-Mehrjardi M, Dadolahi-Sohrab A.

2. Enhancement of salt intake by choline chloride. [Physiol Behav. 1994 Jun] Author: Locke KW, Fielding S.

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Caffeine Anhydrous Side Effects

Caffeine Anhydrous, is the powdered form of caffeine. It prevents drowsiness and fatigue, and can induce blurred vision and dizziness. Caffeine, Anhydrous, is used in the manufacture of beverages and functional drinks, such as coffee, tea, soft drinks, and energy drinks. Though it’s considered safe, some are convinced it has potentially dangerous health effects.

What Is Caffeine Anhydrous?

Caffeine Anhydrous is the powdered or dehydrated form of caffeine, a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant that reportedly prevents drowsiness and fatigue. It is commonly used in weight-loss supplements because the powder is less voluminous, and can be easily integrated with other powders in proprietary blends. Also frequently used in beverages such as coffee, tea and soft drinks. Caffeine Anhydrous occurs naturally in plants, especially in seedlings that are beginning to produce roots or leaves and is obtained by harvesting these beans and seedlings, drawing out the caffeine extract, and boiling it at high temperatures until the water is drawn out. This produces a white, crystalline powder, or its anhydrous form.

Possible Side Effects of Caffeine Anhydrous

Although Caffeine Anhydrous generally regarded as a very safe and effective supplement, there can be some minor side effects. The side effects may:

  • include headaches, lethargy, irritability and depression.

GRAS Affirmation: Yes

Generally recognized as safe (GRAS) is an American Food and Drug Administration (FDA) designation that a chemical or substance added to food is considered safe by experts, and so is exempted from the usual Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA) food additive tolerance requirements. Caffeine Anhydrous is considered safe.

Suggested Dosage

NA.

Special Populations Precaution

There is a lot of concern about diet and nutrition for these population, like Newborns, children, pregnant, sensitive to Caffeine Anhydrous populations. Better consult to your doctor if you would like to intake Caffeine Anhydrous.

 

 

 

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Beta Carotene Side Effects

Beta Carotene is a strongly-colored red-orange pigment that is abundant in plants and fruits. It is a free flowing powder, and is often used as a coloring agent in foods such as margarine. Absorption of Beta Carotene is enhanced if eaten with fats, as carotenes are fat soluble. Though it’s considered safe, some are convinced it has potentially dangerous health effects.

What Is Beta Carotene?

Beta Carotene is an orange dye found in green leaves and carrots. This product is available in 10%-96% concentrations. Beta carotene is used in foods to provide color (margarine would look as white as shortening without it). Beta carotene is sometimes added to products for its anti-oxidant effects, to keep fats from going rancid. The body turns it into Vitamin A, and beta carotene is sometimes added to foods or vitamin supplements as a nutrient. It’s functions are anti cancer and heart disease; it slows the progression of cataracts; prevents macular degeneration; boosts immunity and protects the skin against sunburn.

Possible Side Effects of Beta Carotene

Although Beta Carotene generally regarded as a very safe and effective supplement, there can be some minor side effects. The side effects may:

Beta-carotene may cause burping, constipation, diarrhea, dizziness, headache,increased risk of disease (including bladder cancer, colds, coronary heart disease,lung cancer, mortality, prostate cancer, and stomach cancer), joint pain, lung problems, muscle pain, stomach and intestine problems, vision problems.

GRAS Affirmation: Yes

Generally recognized as safe (GRAS) is an American Food and Drug Administration (FDA) designation that a chemical or substance added to food is considered safe by experts, and so is exempted from the usual Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA) food additive tolerance requirements. Beta Carotene is considered safe.

Suggested Dosage

NA.

Special Populations Precaution

There is a lot of concern about diet and nutrition for these population, like Newborns, children, pregnant, sensitive to Beta Carotene populations. Better consult to your doctor if you would like to intake Beta Carotene.

 

 

 

Related Research

1. Techniques for measuring vitamin A activity from β-carotene. [Am J Clin Nutr. 2012 Nov] Author: Tang G.

2. The contribution of β-carotene to vitamin A supply of humans. [Mol Nutr Food Res. 2012 Feb] Author: Weber D, Grune T.

3. In utero and lactational β-carotene supplementation attenuates D-galactose-induced hearing loss in newborn rats. [Food Chem Toxicol. 2011 Aug] Author: Yu F, Hao S, Zhao Y, Yang H, Fan XL, Yang J.

4. Beta-carotene is an important vitamin A source for humans. [J Nutr. 2010 Dec] Author: Grune T, Lietz G, Palou A, Ross AC, Stahl W, Tang G, Thurnham D, Yin SA, Biesalski HK.

5. Efficacy of beta-carotene topical application in melasma: an open clinical trial. [Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2002 Nov-Dec] Author: Kar HK.

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D-Calcium Pantothenate Side Effects

Calcium D-pantothenate, also referred to as vitamin B-5, is an essential nutrient your body uses to generate energy by breaking down carbohydrates and fats. Though it’s considered safe, some are convinced it has potentially dangerous health effects.

What Is Calcium D-pantothenate?

D-Calcium Pantothenate USP derives from chemically synthesized β-aminopropionitrile and dl-pantolactone. It has a white powder appearance and is water soluble. D-Calcium Pantothenate USP is added to a number of food products for babies and small children, food products for athletes, low-calorie and calorie-reduced foods, and vitamin-fortified juices.

Possible Side Effects of Calcium D-pantothenate

Although Calcium D-pantothenate generally regarded as a very safe and effective supplement, there can be some minor side effects. The side effects may:

  • Problem in bone growth tissues
  • Depression
  • Urinary calcium stone form
  • Chest pain
  • Dyspnea
  • Increased thirst
  • Dry mouth

GRAS Affirmation: Yes

Generally recognized as safe (GRAS) is an American Food and Drug Administration (FDA) designation that a chemical or substance added to food is considered safe by experts, and so is exempted from the usual Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA) food additive tolerance requirements. Calcium D-pantothenate is considered safe.

Suggested Dosage

NA.

Special Populations Precaution

There is a lot of concern about diet and nutrition for these population, like Newborns, children, pregnant, sensitive to Calcium D-pantothenate populations. Better consult to your doctor if you would like to intake Calcium D-pantothenate.

 

 

 

 

Related Research

1. Experimental Raman and IR spectral and theoretical studies of vibrational spectrum and molecular structure of Pantothenic acid (vitamin B5). [Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc. 2014 Aug 14] Author: Srivastava M, Singh NP, Yadav RA.

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D-Panthenol Side Effects

D-Panthenol is a clear liquid that is soluble in water, methanol, and ethanol. It has a characteristic odor and slightly bitter taste. D-Panthenol is a source of vitamin B5 and is used as a nutritional additive and supplement. Though it’s considered safe, some are convinced it has potentially dangerous health effects.

What Is D-Panthenol?

Panthenol is an active ingredient for sophisticated cosmetic skin care and hair care products. It improves the appearance of skin, hair and nails. D-Panthenol USP is the provitamin of D-Pantothenic acid (Vitamin B5). D-Pantothenic acid plays a key role in the human intermediary metabolism. It is a part of the Coenzym A.

Possible Side Effects of D-Panthenol

Although D-Panthenol generally regarded as a very safe and effective supplement, there can be some minor side effects. The side effects may:

  • Skin irritation
  • Contact allergies

GRAS Affirmation: Yes

Generally recognized as safe (GRAS) is an American Food and Drug Administration (FDA) designation that a chemical or substance added to food is considered safe by experts, and so is exempted from the usual Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA) food additive tolerance requirements. D-Panthenol is considered safe.

Suggested Dosage

NA.

Special Populations Precaution

There is a lot of concern about diet and nutrition for these population, like Newborns, children, pregnant, sensitive to Retinyl acetate populations. Better consult to your doctor if you would like to intake D-Panthenol.

 

 

 

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